Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

General Provisions

All establishments and workplaces must always be kept clean and must maintain standards of hygiene and sanitation or generally must maintain the working conditions necessary for the health of the workers

The Ministry in Charge of Labor and other relevant ministries shall prepare a Prakas (ministerial order) to monitor the measures for enforcing this article in all establishments subject to the provisions of this chapter, particularly regarding:

1. the quality of the premises;

2. cleaning;

3. hygienic arrangements for the needs of personnel;

4. beverages and meals;

5. lodging of the personnel, if applicable;

6. work stations and the seating arrangements;

7. ventilation and sanitation;

8. individual protective instruments and work clothes;

9. lighting and noise levels in the workplace.

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

Labor Health Service

All enterprises and establishments employing at least fifty workers shall have a permanent infirmary on the premises of the establishment, workshop, or work site.

This infirmary shall be run by a physician assisted by one or more male or female nurses, based on the number of workers.

When an enterprise covered by Article 228 has one or more branches or work sites that employ a total of at least fifty workers and are located more than five kilometers from the main work site, the employer is required to provide the branches or work sites with the same means as the main work site to assist and to treat workers. This includes medical personnel, buildings, materials, bandages and medicines.

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

Number and Qualification of Health Employees

The required staffing of the infirmary depends on the number of employees, as set out in the table below:

Number of Employees	Number of Nurses on Duty	Number of Physicians	Working Hours Required per 8-hour Shift
50-300	1 (standby)	Doctor or 1 assistant	2 hours
301-600	1 (standby)	1 doctor	2 hours
601-900	2 (standby)	1 doctor	3 hours
901-1400	2 (standby)	1 doctor	4 hours
1401-2000	2 (standby)	1 doctor	6 hours
More than 2000	3 (standby)	1 doctor	8 hours

Number of Beds for Patients

An employer who employs more than 50 employees at a workplace must have sick beds in or near the infirmary. The number of beds must equal 2% of the number of employees up to a maximum of 20 beds.

Employees	Beds
50-200	2
500	10
> 1000	20

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

Toilet

The employer must provide clean toilets for employees.

Each toilet must:

   have a floor and be built with waterproof material;

   have a door which closes with an inside bolt;

   have waH5 painted in light color;

   have enough light;

   be in the workplace;

   have enough soap and water;